Toronto Criminal Lawyer Logo

Refusing a Breathalyzer or Drug Test


Refusing to comply with a lawful demand for a breathalyzer or drug test is a significant criminal offence. This refusal is treated with similar severity as impaired driving, carrying substantial penalties.

Refusing a Breathalyzer or Drug Test: Criminal Code Definition

Refusing a breathalyzer or drug test is defined under Section 320.15 of the Criminal Code.

320.15 (1): Everyone commits an offence who, knowing that a demand has been made, fails or refuses to comply, without reasonable excuse, with a demand made under section 320.27 or 320.28.

Elements of Refusing a Breathalyzer or Drug Test

To prove refusal, the Crown must establish:

  • The identity of the accused.
  • The date and location of the incident.
  • That a lawful demand was made by a police officer.
  • That the accused failed or refused to comply without a reasonable excuse.

Potential Penalties for Refusing a Breathalyzer or Drug Test

Penalties for refusing a breathalyzer or drug test vary based on the circumstances and history of offences:

  • First Offence: Minimum fine of $2,000.
  • Second Offence: Minimum 30 days imprisonment.
  • Subsequent Offences: Minimum 120 days imprisonment.
  • Indictable Offence: Up to 10 years in prison.

Click here to learn more about the potential penalties for refusing a breathalyzer or drug test.

Defences Available for Refusing a Breathalyzer or Drug Test

Possible defences against charges of refusing a breathalyzer or drug test include:

  • Lack of a Lawful Demand: Challenging the legality of the police officer's demand.
  • Reasonable Excuse for Refusal: For instance, a medical condition that prevents compliance.
  • Mistake or Misunderstanding: Arguing that the accused did not understand the nature of the demand.
  • Improper Procedures: Demonstrating that the police did not follow correct legal or procedural guidelines.

Click here to learn more about the potential defences available for refusing a breathalyzer or drug test charges.

Speak to an Experienced Impaired Driving Lawyer Today

Successfully navigating impaired driving or DUI charges requires legal expertise and a strong defence strategy. A skilled impaired driving lawyer can help reduce penalties, negotiate favourable plea agreements, and provide representation in court to protect your future. Don't face these charges alone—speak to a qualified DUI lawyer today. Call (647) 697-2876 for a free consultation and take the first step toward protecting your rights.